Decoupling Thought from Speech: Knowledge-Grounded Counterfactual Reasoning for Resilient Multi-Agent Argumentation

The paper introduces Knowledge-Grounded Counterfactual Reasoning (KG-CFR), a dual-stage architecture designed to enhance the stability of multi-agent debates by separating a private planning buffer from a public execution layer. In tests within a Dynamic Resource Allocation under Uncertainty (DRAU) environment, KG-CFR demonstrated over 95% resilience against critical post-shock degradation and improved argument quality from 0.694 to 0.822. This work is significant for practitioners as it provides a structured approach to maintaining argument integrity in the face of perturbations, potentially improving the robustness of LLM applications in dynamic environments.